Stochastic models, including Markov and semi-Markov models, are introduced for base stations, aiding in frequency band selection based on system traffic considerations, and closed-form solutions for steady-state system size probabilities in these models are derived.
The simplex method of linear programming is used to determine the optimal BS density that can consume the optimal power based on maximizing the service area and results show that although all the minimum powers and their respective BSs cover the entire service area, there is an optimal BS combination with an optimal po...
Fredrick William Mukalazi, E. Mugume, J. Serugunda· International Journal of Inn...· 0 citations
The rapid evolution of mobile communications technology and increasing data traffic demands have necessitated fifth generation (5G) network development, especially in urban environments. While previous studies examined 3.5 GHz and 700 MHz bands, the 2300 MHz mid-band frequency remains unexplored despite offering optima...
Putri Rahmawati, M. Nugraha, L. Marlina· Bulletin of Electrical Engin...· 0 citations
Load imbalance is an important challenge in cellular networks because conventional user association mechanisms may produce uneven traffic distribution among neighboring base stations. This study compares three user association and load-balancing strategies using a MATLAB-based cellular network simulation. The investiga...
Mabroka Bobreeg, Fathia Adwep· AlQalam journal of medical a...· 0 citations
The availability of communication signals for dense wireless local area networks (WLANs) is being increasingly hindered by spectrum contention, interference, and traffic dynamics. Side effects of coverage can also be captured by higher layers, such as the transport or application layer; however, their sensing capabilit...
Shen Ye, Fu-Chun Huang· ICST Transactions on Scalabl...· 0 citations
The rapid rollout of 5G and beyond mobile networks has resulted in denser infrastructure deployments and increased use of mid-microwave frequency bands such as 3.6 GHz and 6 GHz. While these developments improve capacity and spectrum efficiency, they also raise energy consumption during both network operation and plann...
T. I. Unger, M. Kuczmann· Széchenyi István University...· 0 citations
The study addresses key problems in existing networks, including limited data capacity, high
latency, and inefficient resource allocation that hinders the support of real-time and large-scale
Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The study also evaluates 5G’s capabilities in terms of data
throughput, energy efficiency...
F. Philip-Kpae· International Journal of Eng...· 0 citations
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