The humanistic and Marxist paradigm of human research in the works of I.T. Frolov: a historical and philosophical analysis

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the need for a critical rethinking of the theoretical foundations of modern philosophical anthropology in the context of the transformation of ideas about man that have occurred over the past three decades. In the context of the dominance of Western concepts (transhumanism, posthumanism, structuralism) in the Russian philosophical environment, there is a need to turn to an alternative tradition represented by Soviet humanistic Marxism. The purpose of the article is to reconstruct the humanistic and Marxist paradigm of human research in the works of I.T. Frolov, identifying its heuristic potential for modern historical and philosophical reflection. The methodological basis of the work consists of the historical-philosophical method, which involves contextual analysis of philosophical teachings, the principles of comparativistics and intercultural philosophy, which make it possible to compare Soviet and Western European traditions of philosophical anthropology. The results of the study demonstrate that Frolov developed the concept of scientific humanism, integrating the Marxist theory of social development with the ethical regulation of scientific and technological progress. In contrast to both Western (Fromm, Habermas, Žižek) and modern Russian approaches, Frolov maintains an anthropocentric position that is reducible neither to biological reductionism nor to postmodern deconstruction of the subject. The conclusions substantiate the need to include the heritage of Soviet philosophical anthropology in the current historical and philosophical discourse as an independent tradition with an original conceptual apparatus for analyzing modern anthropological crises.