Jul 2026· Finite Fields and Their Applications· 0 citations· 12 references
Mathematics
Abstract
We study a half-interval distribution problem for polynomial residues modulo an odd prime $p$: how often the fractional part of $\varphi(x)/p$ lies in the upper half of the unit interval as $x$ ranges over $1\leq x<p/2$. Using finite Fourier expansions together with the Weil bound, we prove an asymptotic formula $\#\left\{1\leq x<p/2:\left\{{\varphi(x)}/{p}\right\}>\frac12\right\} =\frac{p}{4}+O_\varphi(\sqrt p\log^2 p). $ We then show that the error term can be improved to $O_\varphi(\sqrt p\log p)$ for arbitrary quadratic polynomials and for polynomials satisfying suitable reflection symmetries. For even monomials $\varphi(x)=x^m$, we further obtain the bound $O_m(\sqrt p\log\log p)$ under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis. Finally, in the case $m=2$, we prove an unconditional matching lower bound, showing that the factor $\log\log p$ is best possible in this setting.
In this paper, we consider the asymptotic density of $T_c(x):=\#\{p\leq x:P^+(p-1)\geq p^c\}$, where $P^+(n)$ denote the largest prime factor of $n$. We show that for $x\rightarrow\infty$, for any $0<c\leq 1/2$, one has \begin{align*} \mathop{\lim\inf}_{x\rightarrow\infty}\frac{T_c(x)}{\pi(x)}&\geq\max\left(1-\frac{16}...
Let $n\ge2$ be a fixed integer, and let $K,x,y$ be positive integers satisfying $2\le K\le y<x$. Consider a polynomial \[ f(u)=\alpha u^n+\alpha_{n-1}u^{n-1}+\cdots+\alpha_1u+\alpha_0 \] with real coefficients. We study the quantity \[ V_n(K,x,y) = \sum_{k=1}^{K} \left| \sum_{x-y<p\le x}e(kf(p)) \right|, \qquad e(t)=e^...
We study random polynomials of the form $R(x)=x^n+\omega_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots+\omega_0$, where $\omega_0,\dots,\omega_{n-1}$ are independent, uniformly bounded integer-valued random variables, and $\omega_1,\dots,\omega_{n-1}$ have a fixed common law $\mu$. We prove (unconditionally) that, if the R\'{e}nyi entropy of or...
Let $m(p)$ be the least size of a subset of $\F_p$ with at least two elements for which every sum has two distinct representations as unordered pairs, allowing repetition. We prove that, for every prime $p\ge64$, \[ m(p)\ge2^{-80}\left(\frac{\log p}{\log\log p}\right)^2. \] The argument compresses the full integer coll...
In this paper, we establish a new $\Omega$-result for the values $|L(\sigma,\chi_P)|$ of quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions at and near the central point, where \[ \sigma=\frac12+\frac{\kappa}{\ln g}, \qquad \kappa\geq 0, \] and $P$ ranges over monic irreducible polynomials associated with hyperelliptic curves of genus...
The factorizations over $\mathbb{F}_p$ of two supersingular polynomials $h_p(x)$ and $g_p(x)$ for genus $2$ curves, discussed by Ibukiyama, Katsura and Oort in their 1986 paper, are investigated. These polynomials are congruent modulo $p$ to the Jacobi polynomials $P_n^{(\alpha,0)}(1-2x)$, for $\alpha = \pm 1/4, \pm 1/...
Andrew Karl, P. Morton· 0 citations
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