EUS-guided neurolysis as a translational approach to tumor-promoting innervation in pancreatic cancer

Abstract

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most aggressive solid malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 10% despite advances in multimodal therapy. Increasing evidence highlights the critical role of the tumor microenvironment in driving tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. Beyond stromal and immune components