Geographies of non-fire rescue in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia: Progress and recommendations for firefighters

Abstract

In Indonesia, non-fire rescue operations are increasingly recognized as essential support services for firefighters. These missions range from human and animal rescue to environmental and assets-related services. This article is the first scientific study focused on mapping the spatial distribution of non-fire rescues carried out by firefighters, specifically in the Yogyakarta Special Region (DIY). Reports from fire departments were compiled and analyzed to create spatial information showing the distribution of these operations across DIY. The findings show that Bantul Regency reports the highest number of rescue operations, while Gunungkidul Regency has the fewest. The study also highlights geographic variations at the subdistrict level based on the object and type of rescue. Factors such as natural landscape, urbanization, population density, and socio-economic conditions likely contribute to these regional differences in non-fire-related incidents. Additionally, the study offers important recommendations for standardizing rescue services, managing emergency operations, and enhancing the capabilities of firefighters.