Vascular risk factors in patients with migraine in routine clinical practice

Abstract

Objective. To study the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors in migraine patients, acute and preventive therapy of migraine in real clinical practice. Material and methods. Analysis included 121 outpatient charts of patients with migraine who had at least 1 attack throughout the last year and first referred to neurologist in 2024. There were 106 women and 15 men, mea age was 39.27±12.11 years. Assessment of vascular risk factors was carried out in accordance with national recommendations. Results were processed using StatTech software v. 4.9.5 (Stattekh LLC, Russia). Results. Thirty-two (26.5%) patients had overweight, 22 (18.2%) — obesity. Arterial hypertension was diagnosed in 35 (28.9%), type 2 diabetes mellitus — in 2 (1.7%) people. Physical inactivity was detected in 24 (19.8%), unbalanced diet in 32 (26.5%), smoking in 25 (20.7%) cases, intake of estrogen-containing drugs — in 10 (8.3%) patients. There was higher incidence of arterial hypertension among patients with chronic migraine compared to episodic pain (12 (50%) versus 23 (23.7%), p=0.022). Acute medication ≥ 4 days per a month was associated with more common arterial hypertension (p=0.006) and overweight (p=0.028). Medication-overuse headache was observed in 18 (14.9%) patients. Of these, 9 (50.0%) ones had arterial hypertension (p=0.047). Prophylactic treatment was prescribed in 21 (17.4%) patients. Conclusion. In real clinical practice, vascular risk factors potentially associated with severe course of disease and irrational therapy are widespread among patients with migraine.