Skip to content
Open access

Forecasting water quality parameters using Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Machine regression models

Sep 2026 · Research journal of chemistry and environment · pp. 26 · 0 citations

Abstract

Mathematical modelling of the activated sludge process (ASP) enhances understanding of the process and improves effluent quality. However, as the process is complex and nonlinear, mathematical modelling has been challenging. In this study, Random Forest Regression (RFR) and Gradient Boosting Machine regression (GBM) are investigated and compared to predict biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended Solids (SS) and pH for better control of wastewater treatment plants employing the activated sludge process. The study area selected was in a district of Kerala State in India. The model is evaluated using correlation coefficient R and the mean squared error (MSE). The software Python 3.11 is used for modelling. It was found that effluent BOD, SS and pH were predicted with maximum correlation coefficients of 0.6778, 0.9157 and 0.7578 and mean square errors of 0.005, 0.006 and 0.0102 respectively, by RFR. GBM improves the prediction of BOD, SS and pH, with correlation coefficients of 0.7346, 0.974 and 0.8778 and mean square errors of 0.0042, 0.0014 and 0.0051 respectively.

Read PDF

Similar papers

Open access Aug 2026

Biochemical oxygen demand forecasting through ANN, ANFIS and SVM models

Mathematical modelling of the activated sludge process (ASP) enhances the understanding of the process and improves the quality of the effluent released. However, as the process is complex and nonlinear, mathematical modelling of the process has been a challenge. In this study, multi-layer perceptron artificial neural...

Saurabh Sahadev, M. G., T. M. · 0 citations
Open access Oct 2026

Machine learning-based prediction of chlorophenol removal from wastewater using reverse osmosis

The results demonstrated that the Gradient Boosting algorithm can achieve the best performance in predicting chlorophenol removal, followed by the XGBoost algorithm, but neural networks performed the worst.

E. M. Hameed, Ahmed Abdul Azeez Ismael, Ali Mahmood Khalaf · 0 citations
Open access Sep 2026

Hybrid machine learning–NSGA-II framework for multi-objective optimization of anaerobic digestion in wastewater treatment

Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a key process for sludge treatment, volume reduction, and energy recovery in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Therefore, the use of artificial intelligence methods in ED is recommended for better sludge and wastewater management. With the development of artificial intelligence, this...

Ayeh Karami, A. Karimi-Jashni, M. Nikoo et al. · 0 citations
Open access 2026

MACHINE LEARNING-BASED PREDICTION OF WATER QUALITY USING PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS

The findings demonstrate that a parsimonious machine-learning framework can capture meaningful water-quality variability from multidimensional environmental measurements and provides a practical basis for identifying influential indicators and supporting targeted water-quality monitoring.

Rakhi Dua · 0 citations
Open access Sep 2026

A comparative study of response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) based optimization and modeling of paper mill effluent treatment using Lemna minor

Industrial effluents are a major source of water pollution, often leading to ecological imbalance and human health risks. Among these, paper mill effluent is particularly challenging to manage due to its high pollution load. This study aimed to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of Lemna minor for paper mill efflu...

M. Goala, Vinod Kumar, A. Bachheti · 0 citations

We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.