Comparative Case Study: Renewable Energy vs Conventional AC Grid-Powered EV Charging Stations

Abstract

The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) places significant stress on conventional electrical grids, driving the need for sustainable charging alternatives. This paper presents a comparative case study evaluating the design, technical viability, economic feasibility, and environmental impact of two distinct EV charging infrastructures: a renewable energypowered station (utilizing solar photovoltaic arrays and a battery energy storage system) and a conventional grid-tied AC charging station. Using simulation software, both systems were modeled under identical geographical and vehicle load profiles to assess performance metrics, including energy efficiency, grid dependency, and operational costs. The technical analysis highlights how localized renewable generation mitigates peak demand stress on the conventional AC grid. Financially, the study compares the higher initial capital expenditure (CAPEX) of the renewable infrastructure against its lower long-term operational expenses (OPEX) and shorter payback period facilitated by reduced grid reliance. Environmentally, the renewable integration demonstrates a substantial reduction in lifecycle carbon emissions compared to the fossil-fuel-reliant conventional AC system.