Successive interference cancellation-based direct position determination for multi-interference localization via single LEO satellite

Abstract

The rapid deployment of LEO mega-constellations has increased radio frequency interference (RFI) risks, requiring efficient RFI source localization. Multi-satellite TDOA and FDOA are restricted to clock synchronization and simultaneous source visibility, limiting practical adaptability in real-world operations. While direct position determination (DPD) offers a single-satellite solution, conventional implementations suffer from 3D grid-search costs or convergence failures with multiple sources due to local minima and mutual interference. Here, we propose a successive interference cancellation-based DPD (SIC-DPD) framework for the computationally efficient localization of multiple RFI sources via a single LEO satellite. Our method sequentially extracts the dominant RFI source through parameter estimation and signal reconstruction, transforming high-dimensional joint optimization into single-source subproblems solved efficiently by gradient descent. This eliminates the need for clock synchronization and expensive 3D grid searches. Numerical and experimental validation demonstrates the robustness and accuracy of the SIC-DPD, offering a promising solution for rapid RFI monitoring in next-generation satellite networks.