Artificial intelligence in an otolaryngologist’s practice

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. Integrating intelligent computer systems and artificial intelligence (AI) into medical practice optimizes data management, enhances diagnostics, and improves the interpretation of research findings. AI is applied to the analysis of various medical images and data, contributing to increased training efficiency and optimized specialist work time. Using artificial intelligence in otorhinolaryngology enables the analysis of radiological imaging, audiometry, voice characteristics, and endoscopic images. This study highlights the potential of AI in medicine and opens new prospects for medical data processing. Objective. To evaluate the capabilities of AI interpretation of medical databases for its use in daily clinical practice by an otolaryngologist. Materials and methods. Data from 63 patients from the otolaryngology clinic at the Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University (2024-2025) were analyzed, with the formation of clinical cases that were processed using AI. For comparison, similar cases were presented to 10 otolaryngologists with varying levels of experience (3-5 and 5-10 years). Diagnoses were classified as “correct,” “approximate,” and “incorrect.” Results. Most specialists established a “correct” diagnosis. The AI showed a high percentage of “correct” answers (75.4%), which is comparable to the results of experienced ENT doctors (79.08%). The proportion of “incorrect” diagnoses for the AI was 24.6% and is statistically not different from the proportion of “incorrect” diagnoses of other specialists (p > 0.05). Conclusion. AI can be an additionally effective aid in the diagnosis and processing of medical information.