Ensuring Safety and Cybersecurity for Intelligent Vehicle Networks

Abstract

The advancement of intelligent vehicles represents a pivotal step in enhancing road safety, operational efficiency, and seamless communication within transport systems. However, the development of intelligent vehicle solutions poses significant challenges, requiring interdisciplinary collaboration across automotive engineering, telecommunications, road safety, and cybersecurity. Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) including intelligent vehicles must be conceptualized as complex Systems of Systems (SoS), which, while offering transformative potential, also introduce novel safety risks and failure modes. This survey article investigates the impact of dynamically changing vehicle parameters on the operational safety of intelligent vehicles and examines the dual role of wireless communication technologies in both enhancing and potentially compromising system safety.We highlight the critical vulnerabilities inherent in wireless communication, underscoring the need for robust cybersecurity measures to be integrated into the design and development of intelligent vehicle systems. Our survey provides a comprehensive analysis of the interconnected domains that form the foundation of intelligent vehicle ecosystems, emphasizing the intricate interplay between cyber and physical components. We stress the importance of aligning communication protocols, cybersecurity frameworks, and vehicle safety mechanisms to ensure reliable and resilient system performance. Furthermore, we identify and explore safety risks arising from both intentional and unintentional disruptions, offering valuable insights into existing research gaps and opportunities for future innovation.The objective of this article is to assist researchers and practitioners in navigating the multifaceted challenges associated with developing safe and secure intelligent vehicle systems.