SMART GRID AS A CYBERPHYSICAL PARADIGM OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF POWER SUPPLY

Abstract

The article examines the Smart Grid as a cyber-physical power system in which digital communication channels, intelligent measuring devices, and control algorithms ensure continuous coordination of electricity generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption. The aim of the work is to systematize the conceptual foundations of the Smart Grid, identify key technological solutions, and characterize the institutional barriers hindering their large-scale implementation. The methodological basis consists of analysis, synthesis, comparative, and systemic approaches. Special attention is paid to demand management, the integration of renewable energy sources, and cybersecurity. It has been concluded that Smart Grid is not so much a technological upgrade of networks as a change in the model of interaction between participants in the energy market.