Communication Performance Analysis for Air-Ground ISAC Coordinated Multipoint Networks

Abstract

The emergence of the low-altitude economy (LAE) calls for highly integrated and reliable wireless systems that can simultaneously support communication and sensing functions. Although integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been widely studied, most existing works focused on link-level or single-cell architectures in terrestrial environments, leaving the potential of network-level cooperative air-ground ISAC largely unexplored. To bridge this gap, a heterogeneous air-ground ISAC network based on coordinated multipoint architecture is proposed. In the proposed architecture, a two-tier base station (BS) deployment is adopted: Master BSs are arranged in a hexagonal lattice, while slave BSs follow a Poisson point process distribution. This structure concurrently supports communication for terrestrial users and sensing for aerial targets. A holistic performance analysis framework for communication performance is further developed, accounting for key channel and network parameters. Simulation results reveal inherent insights into how certain parameters of interest affect system performance. These findings provide practical guidance for the deployment of scalable and efficient ISAC networks in LAE scenarios.