Authentication and Access Control in Li-Fi-Based Wireless Networks

Abstract

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) represents an emerging wireless communication paradigm that operates within heterogeneous network environments characterized by high mobility, multi-user access, and frequent handovers between technologies. While Li-Fi offers significant advantages in terms of bandwidth and spatial confinement through optical „attocell” domains, these same characteristics introduce a distinct and complex security landscape. Threat models emphasize the importance of the attacker’s spatial position and optical visibility, going beyond the traditional division into internal and external actors. Active and passive attacks, including interception through reflection and light leakage, etc., can exploit the physical characteristics of the system to compromise the confidentiality and integrity of communication. Special focus is placed on the CIA+Auth model (confidentiality, integrity, availability, and authentication) as the basis for designing secure systems. The ABAC model provides greater flexibility and suitability for Li-Fi environments due to the ability to include contextual factors such as location, time, and risk level.