A Review of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors for eVTOL Aircraft Propulsion

Abstract

With the increasing electrification of transportation, the development of high-power-density electric machines has become a key focus for aerial applications. Despite existing research on machine topologies for aircraft propulsion, a lack of comprehensive categorization of design parameters and performance metrics essential for electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft applications remains. To address this gap, this article categorizes essential design parameters, such as power demand, thermal management, high-altitude operations, and cooling systems, providing an in-depth analysis of permanent magnet machine topologies. It also discusses innovative design trends like advanced stator configurations, fault-tolerant windings, and the use of high-voltage power systems. Current challenges in motor design for eVTOL applications are also addressed, providing valuable insights for future research and development in urban air mobility.