Application of Wave Fault Location Detection for Networks with Complex Topology with Distributed Energy Sources

Abstract

This article presents the results of using the wave method for fault location detection in distribution networks with complex topology, long tappings, cable joints and distributed energy sources. The advantages of its application compared with the conventional fault location detection methods in conditions of indefinite load capacity and the regular change of power fl ow directions is substantiated. The requirements to the practice of the wave method of fault location detection are specified, including the velocity of wave propagation based on the study of reference recordings and the use of the centralized emergency data acquisition and analysis system. Comparison of the recorded wave processes with the reference temporal images has been performed to improve reliability of the fault location detection results. The algorithms of wave fault location detection have been considered for three configurations of distribution networks, including overhead transmission lines with long tappings, mixed overhead-cable lines with cable insertions and combined circuit diagrams. Mathematics for the wave front arrival time calculation, conversion of section's electrical lengths into real distances and algorithms of averaging the results intended for improvement of the fault location detection ac- curacy are provided. The results of testing performed in the real section of a distribution network with distributed energy sources confirm that the fault location detection accuracy at maximum 1% of the line length is achievable. Practical recommendations for the optimal arrangement of fault location detectors with consideration of short-circuit indicators are given with regard to the obtained results.