Stimulation and Recording Interfaces for Data Transmission to and from a Micro Neural Stimulation Device

Abstract

Advancements in neuromodulation for treating neurological disorders increasingly rely on selective peripheral nerve stimulation rather than whole-nerve activation. Traditional approaches engage all fascicles, causing off-target effects such as involuntary muscle contractions and pain. To address these challenges, this research proposes a minimally invasive microdevice that integrates wireless galvanic impulse communication with an epineural multi-contact nerve cuff. This design facilitates high-throughput, low-power stimulation, recording, and data transfer. Development efforts include optimizing neural stimulation protocols, validating deep tissue galvanic transmission, and fabricating a multi-channel nerve cuff for stable electrode–tissue interfacing. In parallel, custom depth-controlled intramuscular arrays enable high-density electromyography (EMG) recording during muscle-specific peripheral nerve stimulation. Since conventional nerve cuffs are costly and time-intensive to produce, this strategy employs microfabricated cuffs engineered for precise spatial activation while encoding data via biphasic pulse timing. Preliminary in vivo results in a rodent model confirm effective stimulation and high-density EMG acquisition, demonstrating the system’s potential for precise neuromodulation. This technology establishes a foundation for advanced, minimally invasive therapies in bioelectronic medicine, potentially transforming the treatment of diverse neurological conditions.