BIM and AI-Supported Decision-Making for the Adaptive Reuse of Historic Buildings: The Osmaneli Aya Yorgi Church Case Study

Abstract

This study proposes an innovative assessment framework that integrates Building Information Modeling (BIM) with AI-supported multi-criteria decision-making to guide the adaptive reuse of the Aya Yorgi Church in Osmaneli. Using historical and architectural data, an HBIM-based digital model of the building was developed, and three potential reuse scenarios—museum, cultural center, and exhibition hall—were evaluated quantitatively. The assessment focused on three main criteria: energy consumption/environmental performance, maintenance and operating cost/economic dimension, and visitor capacity with spatial compatibility/social–functional dimension. Numerical simulation outputs were incorporated into a TOPSIS-based decision model to compare the alternatives. The findings indicate that the museum scenario, with a score of 0.82, is the most suitable option. The cultural center ranked second due to its higher energy use and operating costs despite its social advantages, whereas the exhibition hall ranked third because of its limited visitor capacity. The study demonstrates that integrating BIM and AI can enhance decision-making processes by providing a more objective, measurable, and innovative approach to the conservation and sustainable adaptive reuse of cultural heritage buildings.