Salmonella Typhi Molecular Determinants of Pathogenesis and Hosts -Pathogen Interactions:  A review.

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a significant global health threat wo.r l d especially in developing countries. It is a pathogenic organism due to an advanced repertoire of virulence factors, e.g. Type III Secretion Systems (T3SS), VI capsular polysaccharide, virulence islands Salmonella  (SPI)&  lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Functions for these elements to colonizing the host, circumventing immune responses and dispersing through the body are well covered in this review. In addition, it looks at the molecular mechanisms that have made S. Typhi have a special ability to cause chronic infections in the gallbladder leading to chronic carriage. We will include the contemporary advances in genomics and molecular pathogenesis in order to highlight new ideas of host-pathogen interactions and clinical implications. These results are important molecular targets that may aid in the development of next generation vaccines and new therapeutic interventionsOne of the ultimate goals is to gain an insight into the molecular background of S. Typhi virulence in order to improve diagnostic precision and population health measures to allow effective management and control of typhoid fever in the endemic regions.