Application of low-intensity laser radiation and photodynamic therapy in the complex treatment of patients with periodontal diseases

Abstract

The high prevalence of chronic generalized periodontitis and the increasing resistance of microflora to antibiotics necessitate the introduction of physiotherapeutic methods. Objective. Based on a literature review over the past 7 years, to study the mechanisms of action and clinical efficacy of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the complex treatment of patients with periodontal diseases. Materials and methods. An analytical review of domestic and foreign publications (2019–2026) was carried out in the PubMed, eLibrary, and Google Scholar databases. Results. PDT provides selective eradication of periodontopathogens via singlet oxygen, improves microcirculation (increase in the M parameter by 64 %) and tissue oxygenation. LILR stimulates regeneration and reduces inflammation. The combination of methods increases the duration of remission to 6 months or more. Conclusion. LILR and PDT are pathogenetically justified and effective methods of complex therapy of patients with periodontal diseases.