Yield Stability and Genotype by Environment Interaction in Peanut Cultivars Across the Eastern Mediterranean

Abstract

Objective: Peanut production in the Eastern Mediterranean region is constrained by variable environmental conditions, creating a need to identify high-yielding and stable cultivars. This study aimed to evaluate the yield performance and adaptation ability of ten peanut genotypes and to determine genotype × environment interactions across multiple environments.Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted over two years at three locations (Adana, Osmaniye, and Kahramanmaraş). Ten peanut genotypes were tested under standard agronomic practices. Pod yield was analyzed using regression models and GGE Biplot methodology to assess the effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype × environment (G×E) interactions. Mega-environment structures and stability parameters were evaluated to identify broadly and specifically adapted cultivars.Results: Genotype, environment, and G×E interaction effects on pod yield were statistically significant. Sultan exhibited the highest pod yield with specific adaptation to low-input and stress-prone environments (bi