New approaches to anemia treatment in hemodialysis patients, itch management, peritoneal dialysis, and dry weight assessment in dialysis

Abstract

Among the recent innovations in the management of chronic kidney disease, several emerging topics are gaining increasing attention. A key area concerns the treatment of uremic pruritus, where the use of Difelikefalin and thedevelopment of new diagnostic pathways show promising results in improving patients’ quality of life. In the field of peritoneal dialysis, research is focused on optimizing the biocompatibility of dialysis solutions and developing palliative care programs for frail patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). At the same time, anemia management is increasingly incorporating hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs), supported by meta-analyses confirming their clinical efficacy and safety. Finally, the integration of modern technological tools for dry weight adjustment and fluid management is essential to prevent complications and personalize dialysis treatment. Overall, these developments highlight a nephrology landscape increasingly oriented toward precision medicine and community-based care.