VERTICAL STRUCTURE OF THE FIELD OF NEGATION IN THE AZERBAIJANI AND GERMAN LANGUAGES

Abstract

This article examines the functional-semantic field of negation in the Azerbaijani and German languages from the perspective of a field-based approach to the organization of the linguistic system. It examines the fundamental principles of the formation and functioning of the field of negation as a complex multi-level system that integrates linguistic resources at various levels - morphological, lexical, syntactic, word-formation, and pragmatic. It is determined that the field of negation is a functional-semantic formation in which all means of expressing negative meaning are united based on a common semantic function, regardless of their belonging to a particular linguistic level. Particular attention is paid to the vertical structure of the functional-semantic field of negation. The distribution of linguistic resources according to the "center-periphery" principle is examined, allowing us to determine the degree of their contribution to the expression of negative semantics. It is demonstrated that the core of the field consists of specialized negation resources that possess a stable negative meaning and implement their primary semantic function regardless of context. It was determined that the perinuclear zone includes units that maintain a close connection with central means but are characterized by a lesser degree of specialization. It was established that the peripheral part of the field consists of linguistic units that acquire a negative meaning only under certain contextual conditions and as a result of interaction with other elements of the utterance. The vertical division of the field of negation is examined, reflecting the interaction of various levels of the linguistic system and the distribution of the integral semantic load between means of expressing negation. It is shown that the functional-semantic field unites linguistic units of different levels into a single system based on the commonality of the function they perform. The relationship between specialized and non-specialized means of negation, as well as the characteristics of their functioning within the overall field structure, is examined.