Emulation of Closely Spaced Spatial Sensing Targets Using a Parabolic Cylindrical Compact Range with a Multi-Feed Amplitude-Phase Controlled Linear Array
Abstract
Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) base stations (BSs) are emerging as critical infrastructure for 6G networks, requiring advanced over-the-air (OTA) testing methodologies that can emulate dynamic, multi-target scenarios under far field (FF) conditions. However, existing testing solutions often suffer from limited angular flexibility, insufficient bandwidth, and prohibitive costs. {To address these challenges, this paper proposes an OTA testing system that integrates a radar target simulator (RTS), a multi-port amplitude and phase modulation (APM) network, and a multi-feed linear array with a single parabolic cylindrical compact range (SPCCR).} The proposed system is capable of emulating closely spaced spatial targets with varying incident azimuth angles. This setup meets the essential conditions for ISAC BS testing, including FF characteristics, wideband and multi-band compatibility, and the capability for sensing multiple dynamic closed-spaced targets. The feasibility of the proposed method is validated through both FEKO simulation and measurement. Experimental results demonstrate that the system successfully emulates multiple closely spaced targets within an azimuth range of $\pm 10^\circ$ with high emulation accuracy while maintaining excellent quiet zone (QZ) performance.