HomeEnv-Link: A Smart Home System for Environmental Monitoring and Household Appliance Feedback Control
Abstract
To address the limitations of traditional smart home devices, including scattered functional modules, single interaction modes, poor device interconnection compatibility, and insufficient local automatic feedback capability, this paper designs and implements a smart home environmental monitoring and household appliance feedback control system. The system is based on the STMicroelectronics 32-bit (STM32) microcontroller. Centering on the technical framework of multi-sensor environmental perception and multi-modal human-machine interaction, the system integrates six core functional modules. These include multi-parameter environmental monitoring, offline voice recognition, local Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) visual display, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) drive control, key parameter configuration, and ESP8266 cloud remote communication. The system adopts the STMicroelectronics 32-bit F1 series (STM32F103C8T6) chip as the underlying main control core. It collects indoor environmental data through Digital Humidity and Temperature sensor 11 (DHT11), MQ-2, and BH1750 sensors. Offline voice parsing is realized via Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART) serial communication with the Automatic Speech Recognition PRO (ASR-PRO) module. The ESP8266 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) module establishes bidirectional Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) data interaction with the Internet of Things (IoT) cloud platform. This constructs a closed-loop operation mechanism of “environmental sensing - logical judgment - equipment execution - multi-terminal feedback”. Experimental test results demonstrate that the system meets the real-time and stability requirements of household application scenarios. This is shown in sensor measurement error, voice recognition accuracy, wireless communication response delay, and other key performance indicators. The proposed system achieves a low-cost and lightweight smart home solution. It supports both manual control mode and threshold-triggered automatic operation mode. This provides a feasible technical reference for the multi-modal interaction and intelligent linkage of civil smart home terminals.