Evolving Human Trust Dynamics with Automated Systems: A Scoping Review

Abstract

The objective of this scoping review is to investigate the dynamics of human trust in and reliance on automated systems, as well as the implemented methodologies. Our review examines the types of tasks participants undertook with an automated system, the way participants interacted with the automated system, how automated systems presented information, how changes in trust were measured, and the relationship between changes in trust and other measured outcomes, such as performance. Our scoping review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA Extension) reporting guidelines and follows the Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework. On September 26, 2025, our structured search strategy of PubMed, IEEE, and PsycInfo electronic databases identified 21,992 potentially eligible publications. After title and abstract screening and full-text review, 119 publications were eligible for data extraction, and 53 of those publications have undergone data extraction. This publication presents the preliminary findings ( n  = 53).