LC–MS/MS Profiling the Dichloromethane Fraction of Endophytic Fusarium proliferatum CSBT2 Isolated from Curcuma sumatrana Miq

Abstract

Endophytic fungi are recognized as a rich source of structurally diverse secondary metabolites. However, the metabolite composition of endophytic fungi associated with the endemic medicinal plant Curcuma sumatrana Miq. remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to profile the major metabolites present in the dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of Fusarium proliferatum CSBT2 isolated from C. sumatrana. The fungus was cultivated in Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) prepared according to the ATCC Medium 336 formulation, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate and fractionation to obtain the DCM fraction. Metabolite profiling was performed using LC–MS/MS, and compound annotation was based on accurate mass, fragmentation patterns, and database comparison. Several major metabolites were tentatively identified, including dehydrofusaric acid, fusaric acid, beauvericin, rhynchophylline, and solanidine. Most identified metabolites have previously been reported from Fusarium species, whereas the detection of solanidine may be associated with the potato-based cultivation medium. This study provides the first LC–MS/MS profile of the DCM fraction of F. proliferatum CSBT2 isolated from C. sumatrana. These findings expand the current knowledge of metabolites produced by Indonesian endophytic fungi and provide a basis for future isolation and biological evaluation of the detected compounds.