Biomarkers and arterial stiffness. A sub-analysis of the “Exercise training in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and permanent atrial fibrillation: A randomized clinical trial”

Abstract

Highlights • Exercise training improves biomarkers in HFrEF and atrial fibrillation.• BNP, ANP, IL-6, TNF-α, and angiotensin II decreased with exercise.• Aerobic training modulated inflammation and neurohormonal activity.• No significant effect of exercise on arterial stiffness was observed.• Randomized trial supports exercise in HFrEF with permanent AF.