MULTI-CRITERIA PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF A SPRING PACKAGE FOR A FORGING DEVICE
Abstract
Purpose. To conduct multi-criteria parametric optimization of a new type of forging device spring package to reduce the total package height and number of springs without increasing mass, taking into account design constraints and uncertainty of the preload deformation and working load. Research methods. Methods of mathematical modeling, analytical calculation and the finite element method were used. A three-stage method for optimizing the spring package was developed. At the first stages, analytical dependences of the theory of resistance of materials were applied to determine the geometric parameters, stiffness, deformations and mass of the package. At the final stage, numerical modeling of the stress-strain state of the springs of the improved form was carried out. Results. It is proposed to replace disc springs with leaf springs of improved shape. Rational geometric parameters and the optimal value of the preload deformation are established. The longitudinal shape of the springs is optimized according to the principle of a beam of equal bending resistance. As a result, the total height of the spring package decreased by 2.16 times, and the number of springs – by 2.13 times with a practically unchanged mass of the structure. Numerical modeling confirmed the permissible level of stresses and deformations. Scientific novelty. For the first time, multi-criteria optimization of a spring package of a forging device was performed under conditions of uncertainty of the preload deformation and working load in the presence of design constraints. A three-stage optimization methodology was developed, which combines analytical methods and finite element method (FEM). Practical value. The obtained results can be used in the design and modernization of new type forging devices. The proposed design provides a reduction in the overall height of the package, improved layout conditions, and a more uniform load distribution between the springs.