La mujer como sujeto transformador en la Teología de la Liberación: De la doble opresión a la agencia teológica

Abstract

This article argues that the emergence of women as active theological subjects in Latin American Liberation Theology does not represent a mere thematic extension of the existing paradigm, but an epistemological transformation of its core: the introduction of affectivity, corporeality, and lived experience as constitutive categories of theological knowledge displaced the center of liberating reflection from abstract collective praxis toward embodied and situated praxis. Through analysis of central figures in the field—Tamez, Gebara, Aquino, and Althaus-Reid—the article traces three moments of this transformation: the construction of a feminist biblical hermeneutics that denounces theological androcentrism; the development of ecofeminism and interculturality as critiques of the epistemological framework of liberation theology itself; and the incorporation of sexuality as a constitutive dimension of reflection on faith and social justice. The selection of these authors responds to their role in the institutional definition of the field and in the production of original conceptual categories. The article argues that this trajectory constitutes a specific contribution to Liberation Theology that does not complement it from outside, but transforms from within its understanding of what counts as valid theological knowledge.