Evaluation of Complications After Total Knee Arthroplasty in the Past Year

Abstract

Background: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a widely performed procedure for end-stage knee disorders, but postoperative complications can affect functional outcomes and patient satisfaction. Aim: To evaluate ‘ the incidence, type, severity, timing, and outcomes of complications following TKA over the past year. Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted on 80 patients aged 40–80 years undergoing primary TKA at Shankar Chikitsalaya. Patients were followed for 6 months postoperatively, and complications were classified by type, severity, and onset. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods. Results: Of 80 patients, 53.8% experienced no complications. Joint stiffness (15%), wound infection (10%), and hematoma formation (7.5%) were the most common. Complications were mild in 48.8%, moderate in 36.6%, and severe in 14.6% of cases. Early (0–2 weeks), intermediate (2–6 weeks), and late (6 weeks–6 months) complications occurred in 24.4%, 36.6%, and 39% of patients, respectively. Conservative management was sufficient in 53.7% of cases, while surgical intervention was required in 19.5%. Full recovery was achieved in 68.3% of patients, partial recovery in 24.4%, and persistent complications remained in 7.3%. Conclusion: TKA is generally safe and effective, with most complications being mild and manageable. Extended postoperative monitoring and individualized rehabilitation are essential to optimize outcomes.