ChatGPT in EFL Writing: A Study of Undergraduates’ Perceived Uses and Barriers

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the benefits and drawbacks of ChatGPT in the context of EFL writing in Saudi Arabia. Forty-seven university students were selected to participate in the study voluntarily. To combine the depth of qualitative responses with the breadth of quantitative data, they responded to a survey and follow-up interviews. The dataset included both quantitative and qualitative data, which strengthened the scope of analysis. The findings showed that the participants perceived ChatGPT as a helpful tool for improving grammatical structures and vocabulary. Nonetheless, there is less impact on motivation and confidence. Perceptions varied by gender, discipline, and experience with use. The frequency of use strongly correlated with the perceived usefulness of ChatGPT. The interview yielded results supporting ChatGPT’s role in enhancing writing accuracy, organization, and self-confidence. Findings also raised some concerns about the output generated by ChatGPT and its potential for overreliance. Based on the findings, the study suggests teacher training on the responsible use of AI tools for writing skills. Some implications and areas of further research were also put forward at the end of the study.