Characterisation of Systemic Sclerosis in a Jordanian Cohort: Clinical Features, Diagnostic Patterns, and Health-Related Quality of Life

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a Jordanian cohort and assess patients’ psychological well-being, quality of life, and functional disability. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all consecutive SSc patients seen at a single rheumatology clinic at Jordan University Hospital, Amman, between January and October 2023. Demographic and clinical data were collected via a structured questionnaire. Depression was assessed with the PHQ-9, and fibromyalgia screening with the FiRST questionnaire. Disease activity was measured using the modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) and Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ), disability with the Cochin Hand Function Scale (CHFS), and quality of life with the SF-36. Results: Fifty-seven patients were enrolled; mean age 50.7 ± 12.9 years, 53 (93.0%) female. Thirty-two (56.1%) had limited SSc, and 25 (43.9%) had diffuse disease. Raynaud’s phenomenon was present in 49 (86.0%), digital ulcers in 28 (49.1%), and interstitial lung disease in 14 (24.6%). Pulmonary arterial hypertension was identified in 16 (28.1%). Microstomia was observed in 44 (77.2%) and gastroesophageal reflux in 21 (36.8%). Among 43 patients with DXA scans, 11 (19.3% of total cohort) had osteopenia and 7 (12.3%) osteoporosis.SF-36 physical and mental component scores were similarly impaired across subtypes. Only 1 patient (1.8%) met criteria for mild depression, and none met criteria for fibromyalgia. Conclusion: This is the first descriptive study of SSc in Jordan, highlighting a significant burden of organ involvement, comorbidities, and functional disability in this understudied population.