Introducing large language models (LLMs) in physics education: A module for future teachers

Abstract

In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of a pilot 5-hour educational module titled “Physics Education Meets AI” developed for master’s degree students in Physics. The module aims to build a foundational and critical understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs) among future physics teachers, prioritizing epistemological awareness over instrumental proficiency. We present a sequence of activities designed to guide students from a “black box” perception of AI to an understanding of its underlying mechanisms. The intervention combines interactive Python activities on Word2Vec and GPT-2 with an inquiry-based laboratory session using the LEAP platform. The module concludes with a discussion with international experts, intended to cultivate reflection on the ethical and pedagogical implications of AI. We discuss the structure of the module and the preliminary insights gained from the activities.