KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF RADIATION SAFETY IN COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AMONG RADIOGRAPHERS IN THREE SELECTED HOSPITALS IN MALAYSIA

Abstract

Radiation safety remains a critical concern in medical imaging, particularly in computed tomography (CT) scans, due to the relatively high radiation doses associated with these scans compared to conventional X-rays. In Malaysia, few studies have assessed radiographers’ knowledge and awareness of radiation safety in CT practice, despite their essential role in minimising unnecessary exposure. This study aims to determine the knowledge and awareness of radiation safety among radiographers in three selected public hospitals in Malaysia. This cross-sectional survey was conducted among 96 radiographers from three selected public hospitals in Malaysia between June and July 2023. Data were collected using a validated, self-administered questionnaire comprising sections on demographic characteristics, knowledge, and awareness of radiation safety in CT practice. Responses were measured on a five-point Likert scale, and data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests after normality checks. The overall level of knowledge regarding radiation safety in CT practice was very high (M = 4.28, SD = 0.64). Most respondents demonstrated a strong understanding of ionising radiation, dose limitation principles, and the ALARA concept. Awareness levels were generally high; however, variability was observed across specific items, particularly those related to occupational dose limits and radiation safety considerations for vulnerable patient groups. Educational level was not significantly associated with knowledge (p = 0.16) or awareness (p = 0.21). In contrast, years of working experience showed a significant association with knowledge level (p < 0.001), but not with awareness (p = 0.12). Radiographers in the selected Malaysian hospitals demonstrated a high level of knowledge regarding radiation safety in CT practice, although inconsistencies in awareness of certain practical aspects were identified. These findings underscore the need for targeted continuing professional education and periodic refresher training to strengthen awareness and promote consistently safe CT practices.