Analogies and Metaphors for Agentic AI: How Industry Practitioners Explain Emerging AI Systems

AI Agents in the Double Diamond: Augmenting Design Thinking Practice in Organizational Innovation

Abstract Overview: Design thinking remains one of the most widely adopted innovation methodologies, yet practitioners routinely encounter bottlenecks that limit its effectiveness at organizational scale. These bottlenecks include data overload in discovery, cognitive bias in problem definition, idea recycling in development, and slow iteration in delivery. Artificial intelligence (AI)—particularly large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems—offers a compelling response to each of these challenges. Innovation leaders lack practical guidance on how to deploy AI within design processes while preserving the human-centered ethos that gives design thinking its value. Drawing on research in design cognition, AI agent architectures, and human–AI collaboration, we identify four practice moves innovation teams can implement across the four stages of the Double Diamond. These moves center on four specialized agents: the Empathy Agent, which synthesizes qualitative data at scale; the Problem-Framing Agent, which counters cognitive bias; the Ideation Agent, which generates cross-domain knowledge; and the Iteration Agent, which compresses prototyping and feedback cycles. For each move, we specify the agent involved, the human control points required, and the actions leaders can take. The article offers innovation and R&D managers and design leaders a roadmap for building hybrid human–AI innovation practices that enhance rather than diminish human creative capability. PRACTITIONER TAKEAWAYS Use specialized artificial intelligence (AI) agents strategically, not generically as an add-on technology. Deploy agents at specific Double Diamond bottlenecks—for example, empathy agents for data synthesis, problem-framing agents for bias mitigation, ideation agents for solution diversity, and iteration agents for faster prototyping and testing. Maintain human control through three deliberate interaction patterns: validation loops (verifying agent outputs), direction loops (setting agent priorities), and learning loops (updating both agent parameters and team protocols based on outcomes). Start with a single stage pilot. Identify where your team’s most acute bottleneck lies, deploy the corresponding agent type, and measure impact on insight quality or iteration speed before expanding to other stages.

Is Conversational AI Taking Control?: From Individualistic to Holistic Approaches to Sustaining Human Agency

This work presents the findings of a conceptual review that describes four concepts of agency, including personal agency, social agency, institutional agency, and artificial agency, and argues for shifts from individualistic toward holistic approaches to developing agentic conversational AI systems that sustain the authors' diverse and evolving forms of human agency in everyday life.

Seeing humans in technology: The antecedents, boundaries and consequences of AI anthropomorphism.

This review advances three claims: first, AI anthropomorphism operates at two levels: design-based manipulations that companies can implement to make their technologies more humanlike, and individual tendencies to anthropomorphize those technologies.

Position: AI Agents in Scientific Teams Should Be Studied as Human-Agent Systems

This work argues that studying AI Scientists as human-agent systems (HAS) is both underexplored and undervalued, and calls for new research that adopts the HAS lens to develop mathematical frameworks for understanding and fostering human-AI synergy in scientific discovery.

From automation to agency: The paradigm of agentic AI across technology, society and the ontology of work

An interdisciplinary perspective is adopted to examine the paradigm of agentic AI, tracing its evolution from earlier forms of automation and outlining its defining characteristics, architectures and application domains, and addressing the ethical, legal and governance challenges raised by autonomous agents.

SSS Framework: A Think-First, AI-Second Model for AI-Assisted Writing.