HEAVY PRECIPITATION EVENT IN ROMANIA ON 6-9 OCTOBER 2025: ANALYSIS OF KEY SYNOPTIC CONDITIONS

Abstract

Recently, climate change has led to the intensification of heavy precipitation, often responsible for flash floods. The impact of these hydrological events has been observed at both global and regional scales. In recent years, Romania has experienced some several extreme precipitation events, such as the one recorded in the period 28–31 August 2024, when at the Mangalia weather station, a record of 325.7 mm of rainfall quantities was registered. Another event with huge amounts of precipitation occurred the following year, between 6 and 9 October 2025, when the passage of a Mediterranean cyclone led to substantial cumulative precipitation, especially in the southeastern part of Romania. The purpose of this study is to identify the synoptic context which made this hydro-meteorological event possible. The southeastern part of Romania is normally characterized by low annual precipitation quantities (generally less than 500-600 mm/year), but there are some exceptions when Mediterranean cyclones successively cross the mentioned area or when they reach the Black Sea, following a retrograde trajectory.