We present CzeLeD, a large-scale lexical decision dataset for Czech containing 12,242 lemmas and inflected word forms derived from the HeCz self-paced reading corpus and supplemented with pseudowords. A total of 1,977 participants contributed over 849,000 trials, accompanied by demographic data and extensive linguistic annotation, including lemma and word-form frequencies, neighborhood density, phonotactic and orthotactic probability. Alongside the trial-level dataset, we provide lexical decision norms summarizing reaction times and accuracy using a transparent and reproducible trimming procedure. Data validation drew on both response accuracy and reaction times. Participants showed high overall accuracy (94.79%), and reaction times exhibited the expected strong inverse relationship with word form frequency. Importantly, CzeLeD can be directly linked to the HeCz corpus, enabling systematic comparison between word recognition in isolation and in sentential context. By combining broad lexical coverage, rich annotation, and seamless integration with an existing context-bound processing corpus, CzeLeD offers a powerful, reusable resource for investigating lexical processing, morphological complexity, and contextual effects in Czech and beyond.
This study explores the relationship between low-frequency lexical forms and lexical innovation by examining infrequent and non-lexicalised adjectives formed with the suffix -able (e.g., jokeable, trickable). Employing a corpusbased analysis of the 20-billion-word News on the Web (NOW) corpus (2010–2025), we identified over 800 infrequent Xable adjectives. After filtering for orthographical errors, brand names, and incorrect forms, a dataset of novel lexical items was isolated using the OED for evidence of attestation. Morphological patterns and usage contexts were analysed, highlighting factors such as (1) frequency distribution over 2010–2025, (2) geographical coverage, (3) contextual anchoring in the collocate environment, and 4) base form and derivative co-occurrence. Findings contribute insights into lexical innovation, morphological productivity, and the stages of lexical integration from a dynamic usage-based perspective (Schmid 2020).
Chris A. Smith· Arbeiten aus Anglistik und A...· 0 citations
This paper uses morphological feature annotations from the Universal Dependencies corpora to quantify information carried by morphology across 154 different datasets spanning 72 language varieties, and proposes an information-theoretic approach that measures how surprising morphological feature values are given a token’s part of speech or lemma in the corpus.
Hedvig Skirgård, S. Mann· Linguistics Vanguard· 0 citations
The efficiency metrics showed the tool to be effective in accurately identifying the target suffixes across proficiency levels, with a significant reduction in time and effort.
Ana Abigahil Flores-Hernández, Roilhi Frajo Ibarra-Hernández, P. Moore et al.· International Journal of Lea...· 0 citations
Results show that contextual transformer representations are quite successful for low-resource WSD, although there is still a significant class imbalance that limits performance.
Liyachew Edeti, Million Meshesha, Feda Negesse· Scientific Reports· 0 citations
The current study developed, validated, and illustrated the advantage of a lexical decision database for MSA in three (virtual) experiments, and showed that the database largely replicates well-documented effects in visual word recognition (lexicality, word length, word frequency, word neighborhood size).
Alaa Alzahrani, Hassan Alshumrani, Wafa Aljuaythin et al.· Behavior Research Methods· 0 citations
Regional languages preserve complex grammatical systems that reveal how communities organize experience, identity, and cultural knowledge. However, nominalization in Tombatu, an underdescribed Austronesian language of Minahasa, has not been systematically examined through an explicit rule-based morphological framework. This study addresses this gap by investigating the structural patterns, semantic functions, and generative mechanisms of affixal noun formation in Tombatu. Employing a descriptive-taxonomic design, data were collected over six months in Tombatu Village from proficient speakers through naturally occurring speech, elicitation, recording, note-taking, and informant validation. The final dataset found unique nominalized forms. These forms were classified into three major processes comprising 11 noun-forming prefixes, one noun-forming suffix, and 14 affix combinations, yielding 26 identified affixal configurations. The analysis applied Word Combination Rules, Derivation Rules, the Boundary Insertion Convention, and relevant morphological constraints. The findings show that prefixation exhibits the greatest structural and semantic variation in the dataset, producing agentive, person-denoting, instrumental, object-related, and result-related nouns. For example, /tapə-/ combines with /lukuʔ/ ‘to drink’ to form /tapəlukuʔ/ [tapəlukuʔ] ‘drinker’. Suffixation is more restricted, with /-an/ forming locative nouns, as in /tawoi/ ‘to work’ plus /-an/, which produces /tawoian/ [tawoian] ‘workplace’. Complex affix combinations form nouns denoting places, processes, objects, states, results, and entities. This study provides the first systematic generative account of Tombatu nominalization, expands empirical evidence for Austronesian word formation, strengthens regional-language documentation, and offers a linguistic basis for language maintenance and potential contrastive morphological activities in multilingual education.
Verra E. Manangkot, J. Liuw, L. Amalputra et al.· REiLA: Journal of Research a...· 0 citations