Comparative Analysis of Soil Physical Properties Under Cultivated Land and Natural Vegetation in Obafemi Owode Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Soil quality is fundamental to maintaining agricultural productivity and environmental stability; yet, cultivation practices frequently affect its physical attributes in many areas. This study examines the comparative investigation of soil physical properties in cultivated land (cassava and vegetable farms) versus natural vegetation in the Obafemi Owode Local Government Area of Nigeria. The main objectives were to analyze the physical properties of soils, compare differences in (%) Sand, (%) Silt, (%) Clay, Bulk Density ɣb (mdm3), Water Holding Capacity (%), Total Porosity (%), Natural Water Content (WC), Specific Gravity (gs.) between cultivated and uncultivated lands, and assess the impact of cultivation on soil quality with implications for sustainable crop production. Soil samples were methodically gathered from cassava fields, vegetable gardens, and natural vegetation areas, and analyzed according to standard procedures. An independent sample t-test indicated no statistically significant differences in soil physical characteristics between cassava and vegetable farmlands (p > 0.05). Results demonstrated that soils from cultivated and uncultivated lands had similar characteristics, suggesting that contemporary farming techniques have not significantly modified essential soil features. These corresponded with prior literature that management approaches, rather than crop variety, have a more significant impact on soil structure and quality. The research highlights the durability of soils in moderate-intensity agricultural systems while warning against prolonged complacency. Proactive soil management measures are vital for sustaining productivity. The research gave insight for farmers, policymakers, agricultural extension agents, planners plus geographers in advancing sustainable land-use practices that preserve soil health and enhance crop yields in southern Nigeria.