The Role of ceRNA Networks in the Development and Progression of Gastric Cancer

Abstract

MicroRNAs or miRNAs bind to miRNA Response Elements (MREs), a location on target transcripts, causing either transcript destruction or translational inhibition. NcRNAs with MREs can compete with mRNA as a miRNA sponge and are involved in a complex regulatory network that regulates the transcription of mRNAs through miRNAs competitive binding. According to the ceRNA hypothesis, ncRNAs, including lncRNAs, circRNAs, and pseudogenes, contend against mRNAs in binding to miRNAs via miRNAs’ MRE. MicroRNA is the most important part of the ceRNA network and ncRNAs and mRNAs are other components of the ceRNA network. LncRNAs, circRNAs, and pseudogenes have been demonstrated to play a key role in cellular processes like cell proliferation, cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. CeRNA networks are involved in many cancers, including liver, breast, lung, and Gastric Cancer (GC). Therefore, the study of the ceRNA network in GC will help to understand how the disease develops and progresses, as well as identify new therapeutic approaches.