Relationship of ABO Blood Groups with Fasting Blood Sugar and Uric Acid among Students in Bayelsa State College of Health Technology Otuogidi-Ogbia

Abstract

Background: Evidence concerning the relationship of ABO blood groups with metabolic markers remains inconsistent, particularly among apparently healthy young adults. Aim: To determine the relationship between ABO blood groups, fasting blood glucose, and serum uric acid levels among students of Bayelsa State College of Health Technology. Study Design: An analytical cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otuogidi-Ogbia, between January and April 2026. Methodology: In this study, 300 students aged 16–40 years were recruited using Cochran’s formula for sample-size determination. ABO blood grouping was performed using the tile method, fasting blood glucose was measured using a glucose oxidase-based glucometer, and serum uric acid was determined using the uricase enzymatic method. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA and t-tests in SPSS version 25, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Blood group O was the most prevalent (49.0%), followed by B (24.3%), A (22.3%), and AB (4.3%). The mean uric acid values were 4.26±2.23, 3.86±1.71, 3.73±1.87, and 3.92±2.62 mg/dL for groups A, B, AB, and O, respectively, while the corresponding mean glucose values were 5.52±1.22, 5.41±1.17, 5.05±1.03, and 5.56±1.10 mmol/L. Pairwise comparisons showed no statistically significant differences in uric acid or glucose between any blood-group pairs (p>0.05). Conclusion: ABO blood group was not significantly associated with fasting blood glucose or serum uric acid levels in this student population, suggesting that blood group is not a major independent determinant of glycaemic or uric acid status.