lncRNA-5583 Modulates Porcine Granulosa Cell Proliferation Through a miR-193a-5p/ACVR1-Associated Mechanism

Abstract

Simple Summary Ovarian follicle development is essential for sow fertility and directly influences reproductive performance in pig production. Granulosa cells are important components of ovarian follicles and help support follicle growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the growth and survival of these cells are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of a long non-coding RNA called lncRNA-5583 in porcine granulosa cells. Increasing the level of lncRNA-5583 promoted granulosa cell proliferation and reduced cell death, whereas decreasing its level produced the opposite effects. Further experiments showed that lncRNA-5583 interacts with a small regulatory RNA called miR-193a-5p and influences the expression of activin A receptor type 1, a gene involved in cell signaling. Changes in this regulatory relationship were also accompanied by changes in Smad3 phosphorylation. These findings improve our understanding of how non-coding RNAs regulate granulosa cell function and ovarian follicle development in pigs. This knowledge provides a basis for future studies investigating the relationship between non-coding RNA regulation, follicular function, and reproductive traits in pigs.