Oct 2026· Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
Abstract
The El-Rakhawi Electro-Chemical Causal Intelligence Architecture (ECCIA) bridges AI, physics, chemistry, and neuroscience by shifting to molecular physical computing. It utilizes redox-active polymer lattices to natively execute causal machine learning. Computation occurs via physical ion transport and localized redox reactions, emulating biophysical synaptic plasticity. Governed by Nernst-Planck reaction-diffusion dynamics, the system performs continuous-time causal inference without vanishing gradients. It employs Electro-Chemical Causal Reservoir Computing, satisfying the Echo State Property for mathematical robustness. The algorithm minimizes the El-Rakhawi Electro-Chemical Causal Loss (L_ECCL), strictly enforcing mass and charge conservation. Performance is quantified by the El-Rakhawi Electro-Chemical Computational Efficiency Metric (EECEM), measuring bits per Joule. This enables ultra-low-power edge AI, biocompatible neuro-prosthetics using ionic gradients, and native molecular simulations, strictly adhering to physical laws.
This publication proposes a definition and a classification of agile software development approaches and analyses ten software development methods that can be characterized as being "agile" against the defined criterion.
P. Abrahamsson, O. Salo, Jussi Ronkainen et al.· arXiv.org· 727 citations· ⚡54
The study shows that agile practices improve both informal and formal communication, but indicates that, in larger development situations involving multiple external stakeholders, a mismatch of adequate communication mechanisms can sometimes even hinder the communication.
M. Pikkarainen, Jukka Haikara, O. Salo et al.· Empirical Software Engineeri...· 401 citations· ⚡48
The results indicate that software engineering work practices are chosen opportunistically, adapted and configured to provide value under the constrains imposed by the startup context.
Nicolò Paternoster, Carmine Giardino, M. Unterkalmsteiner et al.· Information and Software Tec...· 394 citations· ⚡54
The perception of the impact of agile methods is predominantly positive, and several challenge areas were discovered, but based on this study, agile methods are here to stay.
M. Laanti, O. Salo, P. Abrahamsson· Information and Software Tec...· 260 citations· ⚡20
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