Beyond the Diagnosis: African American Fathers' Perspectives on Support Systems While Raising Children with Autism

Abstract

African American fathers raising children with autism continue to be underrepresented in autism, family engagement, and special education research despite their important contributions to their children's educational and developmental outcomes. This qualitative study investigated ten African American fathers with children with autism. It examined their life experiences and the roles formal and informal support systems played in their parenting. Semi-structured interviews uncovered five interconnected developmental themes: (a) early bonding as the foundation of advocacy and protection, (b) trust and confidence in support systems, (c) spirituality and well-being, (d) coping strategies and personal growth, and (e) advancing culturally responsive care and community support. Collectively, the conclusions show how fathers drew on connectedness, trusted support networks, faith and spirituality, and personal experiences for resilience, advocacy, and purposeful engagement with educational, healthcare, and community systems. The study also emphasizes the value of viewing African American fathers as knowledgeable partners whose lived experiences contribute to experiential knowledge that supportsimproved family engagement and culturally responsive practice. Focusing on fathers’ voices, this study adds to the academic literature about autism and fatherhood and offers practical implications for educators, educational leaders, healthcare professionals, community organizations, and policymakers seeking to develop more equitable, father-inclusive support systems that improve outcomes for children with autism and their families.