Sex-stratified adipose-liver circuits in human MASLD

Tissue-Specific Insulin Resistance Pattern Underlies Heterogeneous Disease Severity and Complications in MASLD.

BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) plays a pathophysiological role in the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, it remains unclear whether the specific distribution of IR across muscle, adipose tissue, hepatic tissue, and the whole body is associated with the heteroge...

C-peptide in MASLD – a potential driver of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis

Metabolically-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), the leading chronic liver condition worldwide, is driven by hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, with C-peptide serving as a stable marker of endogenous insulin secretion. In this perspective, we propose to redefine C-peptide as an active driver...

Lean MAFLD and MASLD represent an underrecognized high risk phenotype beyond body mass index

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and the more recently proposed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represent diagnostic frameworks evolving from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), highlighting a greater emphasis on underlying metabolic dysfunction. Both...

LEAN MASLD: METABOLIC HETEROGENEITY AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DISEASE PROGRESSION

A critical review of the current literature regarding the Lean MASLD phenotype, with particular emphasis on its metabolic heterogeneity, indicates a significant role of genetic variants, mainly the PNPLA3 polymorphism (I148M), which predisposes lean individuals to disease progression independently of metabolic factors.

Endocrine determinants of MASLD: mechanisms and therapeutic targets

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 30% of adults worldwide, yet is still framed largely as a hepatological disorder despite being driven substantially by endocrine and metabolic dysfunction. This review proposes a unified endocrine framework organised around seven hor...

Sex-Specific Biology and Clinical Implications of Metabolic Dysfunction–Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Women