Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and hypertriglyceridemia: cardiovascular risks and current therapeutic approaches

Abstract

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a systemic disorder associ-ated with metabolic dysfunction and a high risk of life-threatening conditions, primarily cardiovascular disease. MAFLD is often accompanied by hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), as both conditions share a common pathogenetic mechanism — insulin resistance. Both HTG and MAFLD contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, necessitating personalized HTG treatment algorithms in patients with MAFLD. This paper presents an interdisciplinary expert perspective, summarizing current data on the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, and management strategies for patients with MAFLD and concomitant HTG. Non-drug approach and pharmacotherapy are discussed, including lifestyle modification, lipid-lowering therapy, and the use of hepatotropic agents. Particular attention is paid to the safety of lipid-lowering therapy. The presented data are based on the results of expert discussion and rationales an early, interdisciplinary, and personalized approach aimed at treating metabolic disorders, reducing cardiovascular risk, and managing liver disease.