FINANCIAL COMPONENT OF AN ORGANIZATION’S ECONOMIC SECURITY: INDICATORS, THRESHOLD VALUES, METHODS OF DIAGNOSTICS

Abstract

The article substantiates the role of financial analysis as a key tool for diagnosing the level of economic security of an organization. Groups of financial indicators of economic security are systematized: indicators of liquidity and solvency, financial sustainability, profitability, business activity, and debt burden. Approaches to substantiating threshold values of indicators – normative, industry-average, expert – are disclosed, with an indication of their comparative advantages and limitations. A comparative analysis of bankruptcy prediction models is carried out: the five-factor model of E. Altman (Z-score, 1968), the single-factor model of W. Beaver (1966), the six-factor model of O. P. Zaitseva (1998), the model of G. V. Savitskaya. Signs of intentional and fictitious bankruptcy as threats to the economic security of counterparties are substantiated in accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 855 of December 27, 2004. The author proposes an integral methodology for financial diagnostics that combines indicators of all groups with weight coefficients and is adapted to the requirements of Russian federal accounting standards.