3D Reconfigurable Display Devices Enabled by a Composite Emissive Layer with Integrated Electroluminescent and Shape‐Memory Functions

Abstract

Three‐dimensional reconfigurable light‐emitting devices are promising for next‐generation displays, wearable electronics, and interactive optoelectronic systems. However, conventional alternating‐current electroluminescent devices usually rely on multilayer architectures, making it difficult to simultaneously achieve structural simplicity, stable light emission, and programmable shape reconfiguration. Herein, a shape‐memory‐polymer‐based electroluminescent device with 3D reconfigurability is developed. The epoxy/ZnS:Cu composite layer serves simultaneously as the electroluminescent medium and shape‐memory layer, enabling temporary shape fixation and thermally triggered recovery. At 60 wt.% ZnS:Cu, the composite achieves a shape‐fixity ratio of 99.8% and a shape‐recovery ratio of 97.6%. An MXene electrothermal layer provides rapid, controllable Joule heating, enabling electrically triggered reconfiguration without an external heat source. At 3 V and approximately 49 mA, the MXene layer reaches a stable temperature within about 32 s. The device maintains stable electroluminescence in flower‐shaped, butterfly‐shaped, bent, coiled, and fiber‐shaped configurations. After 100 fixation–recovery cycles, the shape‐recovery ratio remains above 93%, confirming good cycling stability. The strategy is further extended to shape‐memory electroluminescent fibers, broadening accessible device geometries and display formats. This work provides a practical route toward structurally simple, electrically reconfigurable, and morphologically programmable light‐emitting devices for adaptive wearable displays, three‐dimensional artistic displays, and fiber‐based optoelectronic platforms.