Application of Hydrogen Technologies in the Transport Sector

Abstract

This article examines the potential use of low-pressure hydrogen storage technology based on metal hydride materials in urban public transport vehicles. This concept represents an alternative to traditional high-pressure storage tanks, offering increased safety, compactness, and the potential for long-term system durability. The paper provides a detailed analysis of the principles of hydrogen absorption and release in metal hydride storage systems, as well as their integration into the vehicle’s energy chain. Special attention is given to the analysis of the energy balance between the fuel cell, storage battery, and the traction electric engine, focusing on the energy flow dynamics under various operational modes of the vehicle. The analysis enables the identification of key factors influencing the efficiency and stability of the propulsion system, particularly in terms of optimizing the coordination among the individual energy components. The results suggest that a well-designed integration of metal hydride storage systems can contribute to increased energy efficiency, reduced operational risks, and broader adoption of hydrogen technologies in the field of sustainable urban mobility.