The Influence of Green Human Resource Management and Environmental Knowledge on Pro-environmental Behavior Among Employees at Star-rated Hotels in Indonesian Tourism Destinations

Abstract

The hospitality industry faces demand to reduce energy and water consumption and waste production without compromising service quality; thus, employees’ environmental behaviour has become a critical component of a hotel’s sustainability performance. This study aims to analyse the influence of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) and environmental knowledge on pro-environmental behaviour among employees at star-rated hotels in Bali, Yogyakarta Special Region, and West Nusa Tenggara. The research design employed a quantitative, causal approach with 284 respondents and a five-point Likert scale. The analysis included validity and reliability tests, tests of classical assumptions, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination. The results indicate that GHRM has a positive and significant effect on pro-environmental behaviour (B = 0.464; t = 9.957; p < 0.001), while environmental knowledge also has a positive and significant effect (B = 0.435; t = 9.923; p < 0.001). Together, these two variables account for 53.7% of the variation in pro-environmental behaviour (F = 163.158; p < 0.001). Conceptually, these findings are consistent with the literature, which positions green HR practices and environmental knowledge as sources of capability and motivation for more environmentally friendly work behaviour.